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Fauna120 species of unicellular, about 700 species of worms, 121 – mollusks, about 500 – arthropoda, 47 species of fish, 10 – amphibian, 10 – reptiles, 296 species of birds and 76 species of mammals are revealed on the territory of Bashkortostan. Some species are widely spread and some can be met only within Ural Mountains. Thus, the eastern border of natural habitat for several species of fish: trout, European umber, zander, sazan, chub, bream, cat-fish and some others runs through the territory of Bashkortostan. The habitat of pond and grass frog and triton is limited by Ural Mountains. Swamp turtle and steppe viper can be met in the southern part of Bashkortostan just from time to time. Black scoter, willow grouse, avocet, white-wing skylark and some other birds are registered only in Bashkir Trans-Ural, wood-warbler and wren can be met in Bashkir pre-Ural and other birds have wide habitat. As for mammals, small pika, gray hamster can be met in southern regions and red gopher inhabits the areas, located on the left bank of Agidel-river. Several species of vertebrates, delivered here in order to enrich local fauna, inhabit the Republic (from fish – peled, grass carp and silver carp; from mammals – musk rat and musquash, reacclimatized Siberian deer, beaver and steppe gopher). The majority of animals are spread all over the territory of Bashkortostan. Open spaces are inhabited by marmot, jerboa, brown hare, steppe polecat, partridge and field-lark. In forests one can meet bear, lynx, marten, chipmunk, squirrel and hazel grouse; the water pools are inhabited by such species as beaver, otter, musk-rat, ducks, sea-gulls, swamp turtles etc. Some species of fish live only in rivers (umber, starlet and others) and some – in standing waves (crucian carp, tench and others). Perch, pike, roach, bream and some other species are the main object for fishing, both professional and amateur. People often grow carps in ponds. Ducks are the object for sport hunting. In strictly limited periods of time hunting for hazel grouse, black grouse, wood grouse and for woodcock is announced. Marten, mink, Siberian weasel, ermine, polecat and badger, wolf, fox, lepus and brown hare belong to the animals, people hunt for. Hunting for elk, roe-deer, wild boar, bear and beaver is strictly limited. |